 The Anderson Intelligencer 18 April 1872 Roland Keenan was born in County Antrim, Ireland about 1794. In 1850, he enslaved ten human beings in Barnwell County: eight men ranging in age from 15-36 and two girls aged sixteen and thirteen. He owned Real Estate to the value of $2,500. His wife Ann was also born in Ireland about 1810 but his son Warren was born in South Carolina in 1836. In 1860, Keenan's Real Estate was valued at $5000 and his Personal Estate at $10,000. He enslaved ten human beings in 1860. Keenan died in 1872 and is buried in Columbia, Richland. Sources 1850 U.S. Federal Census, Barnwell, South Carolina https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M8QD-9TG 1850 Slave Schedule, Barnwell, South Carolina https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:HRWH-ZDMM 1860 U.S. Federal Census, Columbia, Richland https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MZTN-WBW 1860 Slave Schedule, Columbia, Richland, South Carolina https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:WKTV-99ZM BillionGraves Index https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QGP2-ZTGG?from=lynx1UIV8&treeref=GS5W-PT4
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 The Daily Phoenix, 7 Oct. 1865 William Irwin/Erwin was born in Roscommon, Ireland about 1818. He was a schoolmaster. The 1850 U.S. Federal Census recorded him in the town of Greenville. Amelia Reinhardt (his wife) with sons Thomas (age 4), William (born 1850) and daughter Catherine (age 2) were also in his household as were James Bradshaw, a student born in Ireland and John Bradshaw, born in New Jersey.
At that time he enslaved a 52 year old man and a 16 year old girl. By 1860, he was living in Spartanburg, South Carolina. He was recorded as a teacher with Real Estate of $10,000 and Personal Estate of $3,000. He enslaved two women, one aged 24 and the other aged 17. He died in Spartanburg 2 July 1893 and is buried at the Episcopal Church of the Advent in Spartanburg. Sources 1850 U.S. Federal Census, Greenville, South Carolina www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M8QN-R3Q 1850 Slave Schedule, Greenville, South Carolina www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:HRWZ-9BZM 1860 U.S. Federal Census, Spartanburg, South Carolina www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MZT6-R5B 1860 Slave Schedule, Spartanburg, South Carolina www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:WKTV-CZMM 1870 U. S. Federal Census, Spartanburg, South Carolina Memorial 1893 www.findagrave.com/memorial/61353169/william-irwin According to the 1850 U.S. Federal Census, Michael O'Connor was born about 1793 in Ireland. At the time of the Census, he was living in the town of Beaufort, St Helena Parish with his South Carolina-born wife Mary, and Lawrence, Michael and Edmund (his sons?). Also present in the household were Susan Beal and Sarah Arden. Ann Connolly, aged 13, the youngest member of the household was also Irish-born. Michael O'Connor was recorded as a store-keeper with Real Estate valued at $16.000 which was far in excess of that of his neighbours. John M Verdier, a lawyer and planter had Real Estate valued at $5,000, a Methodist Clergyman, D. D. Cox had $2,500, Thomas McMillan, a baker $2,000, the Planter Edgar Fripp, $5,000, Maria Cook, a midwife, $3,200 and Elizabeth H. Thompson, $500. Michael O'Connor was also recorded in St. Helena Parish, Beaufort 1850, as the owner of 20 human beings, 6 men and boys ranging in age from 65-2 and 14 women and girls, aged 50-1. Sources 1850 U. S. Federal Census, St. Helena Parish, Beaufort, South Carolina www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M8QD-XZH 1850 Slave Schedule, St. Helena Parish, Beaufort, South Carolina www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:HRWH-9BW2  1850 Slave Schedule, St. Helena Parish, Beaufort, South Carolina In 1840, Michael O'Connor was living in a household in St. Helena Parish, Beaufort with 7 others and 15 enslaved people. In 1830, O'Connor was living in St. Helena Parish, Beaufort in a household with 3 others and one enslaved man. Source 1840 U.S. Federal Census, St. Helena Parish, Beaufort www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XHY1-WN6 1830 U.S. Federal Census, St. Helena Parish, Beaufort www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XHP6-1V8 Note There is a listing for a Michael O'Connor, born in Ireland, who died 5 June 1850 with a wife Mary who is buried at St. Peter's Catholic Church Cemetary, Beaufort. However the 1850 Census in Beaufort took place on 27 Nov. 1850. It is possible that the date on the headstone is inaccurate but I am unable to verify at this time. There was, however, a woman named Mary O'Connor living with a Lizzie Catherwood in Beaufort in 1860. She had Real Estate to the value of $10,000, Personal Estate of £18,500 and 13 enslaved people. There is also a tree on familysearch which identifies this Michael O'Connor as having a birthplace of Charlesville, Co. Cork but I cannot verify that either at this time. Sources Memorial 1860 U.S. Federal Census, St. Helena Parish, Beaufort www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MZTW-B9F 1860 Slave Schedule St. Helena Parish, Beaufort www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:WKTF-6HT2 James Bailey was born in Ireland about 1822. In 1850 he was living in Edgefield, South Carolina with Ann (his wife?) and M H. (his daughter?). His occupation is given as house carpenter and the value of his real estate as $600. His nearest neighours were Benjamin Stevens, a farmer and John A Partlow, a planter. Source 1850 US Federal Census, James Bailey, Edgefield, South Carolina www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M8QF-2YW  James Bailey, Edgefield, South Carolina, 1850 Slave Schedule In 1850, James Bailey enslaved a woman born about 1827 and a baby boy born in 1849. His neighbours Benjamin Stevens enslaved 28 human beings and John A Partlow enslaved 45 people. Three other slaveholders in Edgefield carried the name Bailey; Elizabeth and William who each enslaved one person and Richard who enslaved six people. William, born 1811, a cabinet-maker and Richard born 1823, a carpenter were both born in Ireland. Sources 1850 US Slave Schedule, James Bailey, Edgefield, South Carolina www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:HRWC-NKW2 1850 US Slave Schedule, Elizabeth Bailey, Edgefield, South Carolina www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:HRWC-H26Z 1850 US Slave Schedule, William Bailey, Edgefield, South Carolina www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:HRWC-QMN2 1850 US Federal Census, William Bailey, Edgefield, South Carolina www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M8QF-JDP 1850 US Slave Schedule, Richard Bailey, Edgefield, South Carolina www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:HRWC-VDN2 1850 US Federal Census, Richard Bailey, Edgefield, South Carolina www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M8QF-7T9 Notes It is hoped that this information will assist those researching the Bailey family name in Edgefield, South Carolina. I have decided to upload information about each Irish slaveholder even though it may not include the names of enslaved people at this time. If you have found a will or estate inventory or any other document which names enslaved people, please do not hesitate to post below in the comments. It will be gratefully and respectfully received and will assist others in the search for their ancestors. Regarding the Irish Bailey slaveholders listed above, I am wondering if they are all from one family since they are realtively close in age, settled in the same area and were all carpenters. The following advertisement is enclosed because it names an African American family group in 1856, Polly, Betty, Milley, Hudson, Avery, Sylva, Bully and Mary, as enslaved by a Bailey family. However, based on the information I have at the moment, I do not think the slaveholders are of the Irish-born family outlined above.  Semi-weekly Camden Journal, 5 Dec. 1851 1860
Richard Bailey, carpenter was enumerated in Marion Eastern Division, Perry, Alabama in 1860, with his wife Sarah and sons John and James. Richard, as far as I can tell, was no-longer a slaveholder. This raises the question, what became of the six people he enslaved in 1850? A number of claims against Richard Bailey were reported in the Edgefield Advertiser in 1853. According to the newspaper, Richard Bailey and family were no-longer resident in Edgefield at that time. Did Richard incur financial losses? The 1860 Census throws up another puzzle. There was a man named John Thompkins with Real Estate valued at $4500 resident in the Bailey household and two children Mary & Edmund (transcribed Emal) Thompkins. Sources 1860 US Federal Census, Richard Bailey, Marion Eastern Division, Perry, Alabama www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MHDN-HXK Edgefield Advertiser 16 Feb. 1863 Spanish Census of East Florida 1783
Partial list of Irish slaveholders enumerated. Armstrong, Fleetwood Barnes, George Doemis, Charles English, Robert Lysett, Patrick Marin, David Murray, Richard Donovan O'Leary, Derby Sonson, Jacob White, Stephen Source: 1783 Spanish Census of East Florida File with thanks to Susan Peterson at USGenWeb Archives files.usgwarchives.net/fl/statewide/census/1783.txt  1860 US Federal Census, Franklin, MS Burke, Thomas W, c1823, 1850-Copiah, MS, 1860-Franklin MS, Birthplace identified as Mayo, Ireland in 1860. Beek, P W, c1802, Rodney, Jefferson, MS Boyle, Jas, c1808, North of the Yallobusha River, Yalobusha, MS Bryson, James, c1805, Noxubee, MS Carbry, Thos, c1802, North of the Yallobusha River, Yalobusha, MS Carlisle, Alexander, c1803, Western Division, Monroe Carlisle, Thomas M, c1810, Western Division, Monroe Clarke, Wm, c1818, Wilkinson, MS Dohan, D H, c1817, District 1, Claiborne Dunn, Thos H, c1809, District 1, Claiborne Elder, John Martin, c1790, Madison, MS Finucane, George, c1795, Yazoo, MS Foley, B M, c1798, Warren, MS Grafton, Allen, c1779, Adams, MS Gordon, David, c1805, Hinds, MS Hammet, Wm H, c1799, Washington, MS Hargon, John, c1801, Madison, MS Hawkins, Richd, c1802, Warren, MS Hott, Hugh, c1807, Warren, MS Hynes, John, c1787, Warren, MS Izod, Mark, c1807, Natchez (North), Adams Johnson, John, c1820, North of the Yallobusha River, Yalobusha, MS Kayes, Michael, c1807, Yazoo, MS Kelly, James, c1795, Madison, MS Kidd, Thomas, c1815, Warren, MS Kinch, Daniel, c1822, Noxubee Langan, M, c1810, Yazoo Laughlin, E C, c1812, Warrenton, Warren Martin, J S, c1828, District 1, Claiborne McBride, Robt, c1818, Township 10 East, Jefferson McBurney, David, c1788, Noxubee, Mississippi McCann, James, c1784, Lowndes, MS McCauley, John, c1799, Madison, MS McGawley, Patrick, c1795, Lowndes, MS McMillan, John, Western Division, Monroe, MS Moore, Ezekiel, c1814,Yazoo, MS Murphy, Miles, c1796, Madison, MS Nolan, William G, c1814, Issaquena, MS Oconnell, Tim, c1819, Wilkinson, MS Oleary, Cornelius, c1794, Madison, MS Ore, John, c1790, Township 8 East, Jefferson Roark, Terrance, c1794, Madison, MS Robb, R B, c1819, Hinds, MS Russell, Robt E, c1801, District 3, Claiborne Seed, Major, c1790, North of the Yallobusha River, Yalobusha, MS Sheehy, Bryant M, c1822, Noxubee, MS Sliney, Richard, c1820, Wilkinson, MS Smyth, John, c1799, Hinds, MS Toland, Joseph, c1789, Lowndes, MS Weir, Jas, c1802, North of the Yallobusha River, Yalobusha, MS White, William M, c1804, Madison, MS Woodhouse, John, c1811, District 1, Claiborne Note: All the above identified as Planters in the 1850 U.S. Federal Census. Contributions welcome from researchers into these Mississippi slaveholders.  The Reed Family 1870 Gills Creek, Lancaster County, South Carolina In the auction notice of William McKenna's estate 1861, a woman called Charlotte born about 1821 was named. She was a skilled seamstress and cook. Her husband was not named but 'belongs to William Reid'. Her children were named as William born about 1845 a ploughboy, Anna (1848) a housegirl, Louis (1850), Nancy (1853), Mary (1858), and an infant (1860). In 1870, Charlotte was living with her husband Samuel Reed, born c1823, a farm labourer, in Gills Creek Township, Lancaster County. Louis and Nancy were still living at home. Agnes, Maggie, Abram, Sallie and Harriet were also named. Another member of the household is Ally McKenna aged about 75 years. It is likely this is the same woman named as Alley, born about 1797 in the auction notice with 'Old' Joe, not to be sold' born 1775. This raises a question as to whether Ally was Charlotte's mother. Samuel had become a mail carrier by 1880. He and Charlotte were still living in Gills Creek with their son Abraham/Abram and daughter Sallie. It is possible that the slaveholder William Reed 1791-1863 was the man who enslaved Samuel Reed. William Reed was recorded as owning 25 human beings in 1860. He was a farmer with Real Estate to the value of $4,200 and Personal Estate of $14,655. Reed was born in Pennsylvania and his wife Isabella was born in South Carolina. Some sources identify William Reed as the son of Margaret Davis 1754-1850, born in Ireland. Notes No Death Certificates for Charlotte and Samuel Reed have been found to date. The search for the will and estate inventory of William Reed who died in 1863 is also ongoing. Sources: (All links can be accessed by opening a free account at familysearch) 1870 US Federal Census www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M8RK-N7H 1880 US Federal Census www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M6SJ-ZKP William Reid 1860 www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:WKR3-3L2M www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MZTZ-16F Memorial 1863 www.findagrave.com/memorial/99181101/william-reed Margaret Davis www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M8QJ-F2G  Lancaster Ledger 5 August 1863  Lancaster Ledger 4 Nov. 1863  Abbeville Press 8 Jun. 1866 Alexander Austin was born in Co. Antrim, Ireland about 1793. His wife was Isabella Coleman, born 1819, also of Co. Antrim. In 1850, Alexander and Isabella were recorded as living in Abbeville, South Carolina with their daughters Lethe A (11), Susan (9), Sarah (3), Martha A (2) and sons John (7) and Robert (5). Austin was enumerated as a farmer with Real Estate to the value of $1500.
In the same year, Austin enslaved seven people, a woman aged 70, a man aged 60, a woman aged 55, another woman aged 18 and three boys aged 15, 14 and 10. Neighbouring slaveholders were James Johnson, Noah Reeves, William P Martin, William Long, Frances Johnson, Daniel Gent, George Mattison and John Smith. By 1860, Alexander and Isabella had three more sons McJohnson (8), Samuel (6) and Franklin (4). In 1860 Alexander Austin's Real Estate was valued at $3500 and his Personal Estate as $7765. William Faut, Overseer, was also resident in his household. Faut had a Personal Estate of $400. The people enslaved by Austin in 1860 were four women aged 95, 65, 22 and 18, two young men aged 20 and 18, a boy aged 2 and a baby girl of 6 months. Alexander Austin died in Abbeville in May 1864 preceded by his son Robert who died in Feb. of the same year whilst serving in the 6th South Carolina Cavalry. Isabella died in 1878 and they are buried at Friendship Presbyterian Church, Laurens County, South Carolina. J H Austin, the executor of Alexander Austin's will was living in Donalds Township, Abbeville in 1870. Notes It has not been possible to locate a will or probate documents for Alexander Austin as yet or any other document that names the people enslaved by him. Sources: 1850 US Federal Census www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M8Q8-C42 1850 Slave Schedule www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:HRW4-VP6Z 1860 US Federal Census www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MZTW-49H 1860 Slave Schedule www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:WKTD-9WW2 Memorial 1864 www.findagrave.com/memorial/9399182/alexander-austin 1870 US Federal Census www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M8T9-LDJ Abbeville Press 8 Jun. 1866.
Irish-born slaveholders and overseers identified in the 1850 US Federal Census. Additional information to follow.
Ascension parish Patric Coff (1796-) Overseer Thos Woods (1822-) Overseer Assumption Parish Patrick Delaney (1818-) Overseer James Kane Bossier Michael W Larkin Charles Murphey James Murphy Caddo Patrick Kelly (1824-) Overseer W M Hall (1816-) Overseer Carroll Mather Cratic (1826-) Overseer Robert Kerryhan Edward Archibald Michael Morgan Catahoula Lawrence Gahagan Claiborne Joseph Norman John Niles Concordia Thomas Irwin Robert Oakman De Soto William Norton (1821-) Overseer Thos Abington Michael McNamara Andrew Marris Iberville James Ennis (1824-) Overseer P M Lambermout John Hagan John V Allen Michael Moore Travel Maloman Jefferson M Butterfield (1820-) Overseer New Orleans Lawrence Fagan (1800-) Overseer Hugh Robinson(1823-) Overseer Thomas Barry (1820-) Overseer Michl Kelley (1815-) Overseer Thomas Hart (1805-) Overseer Orleans Barney McDougal (1807-) Overseer Patk Kelly D Adams Plaquemines Nicolas Travis (1810-) Overseer Mekle Farril (1822-) Overseer E Fitzgerald (1827-) Overseer Pointe Coupee William Kessing (1814-) Overseer Michael Maher St. Charles William Pratt (1810-) Overseer St. John the Baptist Thomas May St. Mary James Dowe (1805-) Overseer Tensas John Hale More (1827-) Overseer Barney McDougal John Bahan (1815-) Overseer Terrebonne Thomas Walsh (1815-) Overseer Vermillion Bernard McDermott West Baton Rouge Richard Hanrahan (1818-) Overseer
St. Landry Parish, Louisiana
(created 1807 from Opelousas Parish) 74 people of Irish birth, resident in St. Landry Parish in 1850. Washington, St. Landry was the largest inland port between New Orleans and St. Louis in the 1800s. The first Roman Catholic chapel was built in this territory in 1767 and the area became known as Church Landing. Wm. Elizabeth Duffy (female) 1795- her sons Peter & M and daughters Alice & Ellen were all born in Ireland also. Thomas B Knox 1800- Wife Ann Gurnet, born in Mississippi. Children born in Louisiana. Henry Marshall John Nugent John Oconnor Patrick Woods 1790- Wife Sophia, and sons Pierre & John all born in Louisiana.
West Feliciana, Louisiana
Michael Cranan c1815- James Brennan c1795- (also Irish-born) in same household Patrick Doherty c1796- Wife Margaret & children Mary E, Richard, & Kate all Louisiana born. Cilia M Madden c1831 also Irish-born. Wm Lemon c1789- wife Ann c1794- Margaret Germany c1817- Birthplace Ireland, Hannah E (Mississippi), Ann M, Jane & Laura E (Louisiana). Wm Lemon c1820- (son of Wm. Lemon c1789, same household) John Lombard/Lumbard c1815- Children: John, Edward, Margaret, Emily, ?Girtrude (all Louisiana born) & James c1830- Irish-born (poss. brother?) a carpenter. Robert McCausland c1772- Wife Margaret (Kentucky) children: Eliza M, Mary M, George M & Marcus M (Louisiana). Wm J Wells c1789- Wife Leah (Mississippi) children: Leany & Joshua (Louisiana) Carroll, Patrick born c1823
District 5 (Upper), Houston Living alone Clary, James born c1804 District 74, Screven R Road Overseer Railroads and Railway Express Service Own household: wife Margaret, sons Patrick & Martin Cogan, Henry Francis born c1794 District 41, Jefferson Household Mary A Francis, Farmer Doneghan, J born c1810 Division 73 Richmond Household of Benjamin A Wasson, Planter Dunigan, Thomas born c1815 Division 73, Richmond Household of James L Coleman, Planter Farrell, James born c1796 Athens, Clarke Factory Overseer Household of Benjamin Wiggins Gilmartin, Thomas born c1825 District 543, Macon Living with Price & Tindell also Irish overseers McGrada, Thomas born c1805 District 74, Screven Railroad overseer Railroads and Railway Express Service Own household: wife Jane, sons Thomas J, John H & James B, daughters Jane & Ann Catharine Mahony, Mat born c1790 Columbia Household of Isia Gay McHamms, Charles born c1827 Division 47, Jones Household of Nancy Dumas, Son John C Dumas farmer Price, Thomas born c1825 District 543, Macon Living with Gilmartin & Tindell also Irish overseers Sanford, John born c1815 District 24, Dooly Own household: wife Susan Tindell, Robert born c1815 District 543, Macon Living with Gilmartin & Price also Irish overseers Wright, William born c1823 District 61, Burke Overseer Railroad Railroads and Railway Express Service All male household, all born in Ireland Note: it is possible that some of the above were railway 'gangers' and not overseers of enslaved people. Source: U.S. Federal Census 1850 |
AuthorsMartine Brennan (Curator)  Enslavement to citizenship: African Americans in Irish Slaveholder records by Martine Brennan is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Archives
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